The pine forest of the Bajo de Santa Fe is a unique and isolated ecosystem in the Maya Biosphere Reserve, located on the outskirts of Tikal National Park. With an extension of only 200 hectares, it forms an “island” of gymnosperms surrounded by broadleaf forests, separated by more than 60 km from other conifers. This isolation represents a risk to its survival, as it limits its genetic diversity and makes it extremely vulnerable to fires, logging, and other human activities, problems aggravated by its very slow regeneration. Its origin is uncertain, with hypotheses attributing it to natural creation since the last glaciation or, conversely, to a Maya anthropogenic origin.